This case addresses when police may escalate a street stop and frisk after an ambiguous handoff. The First Department reversed the conviction, suppressed the gun, and dismissed the indictment because officers lacked specific facts to detain or frisk, and body‑camera footage showed quick compliance and no visible threat. It underscores that vague observations and “high‑crime area” labels do not justify a stop and pat‑down.

OATH refused a property owner’s request to reopen defaulted summonses after it paid the penalties, and the trial court dismissed the challenge as barred by a prior case. The First Department annulled OATH’s denials and sent the matter back for a merits review, finding res judicata was waived and did not apply. The decision confirms that paying OATH defaults does not automatically waive the right to seek a new hearing and that agencies must follow their own rules.

Condo owners alleged widespread construction defects and sued the sponsor, related entities, board members, and the contractor for failing to build and fix the building as required. The First Department dismissed the fraud and negligent-supervision claims and negligence against the general contractor, but allowed the contract, fiduciary-duty, injunction, and sponsor-negligence claims to proceed. The ruling underscores that sponsors have an independent duty to keep buildings in good repair and that “as-is” clauses do not erase plan/spec obligations, while fraud or tort claims tied only to contract losses will be rejected.